Clean Transition in Yemen’s Drinking Water Sector: An Integrated Field Study of Climate, Health, and Resource Sustainability Impacts (2020–2024)

Executive Summary
This study is considered the first comprehensive and documented field assessment in the Republic of Yemen and the Arab region to measure the cumulative impact of the transition toward clean energy in drinking-water supply networks for human consumption.
The study was based on a technical and engineering analysis of 348 implemented projects distributed across 22 Yemeni governorates during the period 2020–2024, with a total installed photovoltaic capacity of 14.92 megawatts, equivalent to 14,920.74 kilowatts, and an operational pumping capacity of 9,782.50 kilowatts.
To address the complex challenge represented by the absence of baseline data in fragile and conflict-affected environments, the study adopted a Counterfactual Substitution Model aligned with the standards of the Greenhouse Gas Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism, and ISO 14064.
This transition resulted in securing a sustainable water flow of 9,126.82 cubic metres per hour and achieving a confirmed carbon displacement of 9,684.68 tonnes of carbon dioxide annually.
The study culminated in the innovation and development of the Solar Mustashar Advanced Calculator as a product of field experience. It operates as a dual safety mechanism that is not limited to climate accounting, but also monitors the Free-Energy Rebound Effect to prevent the depletion of water basins and protects engineering assets from premature deterioration, thereby achieving a precise balance between Sustainable Development Goals 6 and 7

for read all study please find link